Tables of Data
Celsius (Centigrade) = (Fahrenheit - 32) * 5/9
| °C | °F
|
|---|
| 15 | 59
|
| 20 | 68
|
| 25 | 77
|
| 30 | 86
|
| 1 Liter | = | 0.264 Gallon
|
| 1 U.S. Gallon | = | 3.78 Liter
|
| 1 British Gallon | = | 4.5446 Liter
|
| 1 Meter | = | 39.4 inches
|
| 1 Inch | = | 2.54 cm
|
| 1 Foot | = | 12 inches
|
| 1 Yard | = | 36 inches
|
| 1 Ounce | = | 29 grams (on Earth)
|
| 1 degree hardness (GH)
| = | 17.8 ppm CaCO3
|
| 1 degree "carbonate hardness*" (KH)
| = | 17.8 ppm CaCO3
|
| 1 meq/L alkalinity
| = | 2.8 degrees KH
|
| 1 ppm
| = | 1 mg/L
|
| Nitrate-NO3
| = | 4.4 * Nitrate-N
|
| Nitrite-NO2
| = | 3.3 * Nitrite-N
|
| Ammonia-NH3
| = | 1.1 * Ammonia-N
|
* Note that the term ``carbonate hardness'' is bit of a misnomer, and most
amateur chemists would prefer we use the more appropriate term
``Alkalinity''. See the
BEGINNER CHEMISTRY section for more
details.
In metric, this calculation is quite easy because 1 cubic
centimeter of water has a mass of 1 gram, or 1 liter of water has a
mass of 1 kg. Thus, the water in a 200L tank will have a mass of 200
kg (don't forget to add the weight of rocks into your estimate!). If
you need to work from tank dimensions, multiply the length times
width, times height in centimeters to obtain the mass in grams.
For those of us having to work in inches and pounds,
| 1 gallon of water at 4°C
| = | 8.57 lbs approximate weight
|
| One foot of fresh water depth
| = | .445 psi.
|
| 231 cu inches (in ^ 3)
| = | 1 gallon
|
| 1 cu foot (ft ^ 3)
| = | 7.48 gallons = 1728 in^3
|
Example:
44x16x16 tank = 11264 in^3 = 48.76 gallons.
Tank will weigh 418 lbs (roughly) (+ rocks which have an SG much
higher than 1, so you can *roughly* say " + rocks ")
The pressure at the bottom of the tank will be 0.59 psi, or 85 psf,
roughly 13% more than the standard loading for code
construction, so catch an extra joist or three with the stand!!
Along the bottom strip of the tank, you will have a total
(uniformly spread side to side) force of ( 15.5/12*.445*44 = 25 lbs)
pushing outwards against your joints.
The total force on the long side will be ( 8/12*.445*44*16 = 208
pounds).
Note: In general, this is NOT half of the water weight. This
is a coincidence due to the same bottom and side shape.
Other useful points...
Weight = psi at bottom * bottom area
( (44x16=704 in^2) * .445*16/12 = 418 lbs)
Note: If this doesn't give you the same answer as the volume
calculation SOMETHING IS WRONG!
Standard (new) wood joist floor loading is 75 psf. This
corresponds to one 14" high tank of any other dimensions. Before
you build that 30" high tank, think about where it goes! For old
houses and houses not to code, this may be worse (or better, who
knows?).
Common tank sizes (courtesy of All-Glass Aquariums)
These match the table on the back of Catalog AA693, but are sorted by
the tank's "footprint".
Tank Size Exact Outside Dimensions Weight Weight Tempered
(inches) (L x W x H) Empty Full Bottom
(Including frame) (lbs) (lbs)
10 Leader 20 1/4 x 10 1/2 x 12 9/16 11 111
15 High 20 1/4 x 10 1/2 x 18 3/4 22 170
20 X-High 20 1/4 x 10 1/2 x 23 3/4 32 232
10 Long 24 1/4 x 8 1/2 x 12 5/8 16 116
15 Show 24 1/4 x 8 1/2 x 16 5/8 22 170
15 Gallon 24 1/4 x 12 1/2 x 12 3/4 21 170
20 High 24 1/4 x 12 1/2 x 16 3/4 25 225
25 Gallon 24 1/4 x 12 1/2 x 20 3/4 32 282
30 X-High 24 1/4 x 12 1/2 x 24 3/4 41 340
20 Long 30 1/4 x 12 1/2 x 12 3/4 25 225
29 Gallon 30 1/4 x 12 1/2 x 18 3/4 40 330
37 Gallon 30 1/4 x 12 1/2 x 22 3/4 45 415 X
26 Flatback 36 1/4 x 12 1/2 x 16 5/8 42 300 X
23 Long 36 1/4 x 12 5/8 x 13 32 253
30 Gallon 36 1/4 x 12 5/8 x 16 3/4 43 343
38 Gallon 36 1/4 x 12 5/8 x 19 3/4 47 427
45 Gallon 36 1/4 x 12 5/8 x 23 3/4 66 515 X
30 Breeder 36 3/16 x 18 1/4 x 12 15/16 48 348
40 Breeder 36 3/16 x 18 1/4 x 16 15/16 58 458
50 Gallon 36 7/8 x 19 x 19 5/8 100 600
65 Gallon 36 7/8 x 19 x 24 5/8 126 775
33 Long 48 1/4 x 12 3/4 x 12 7/8 52 382 X
40 Long 48 1/4 x 12 3/4 x 16 7/8 55 455 X
45 Long 48 1/4 x 12 3/4 x 19 60 510 X
55 Gallon 48 1/4 x 12 3/4 x 21 78 625 X
60 Gallon 48 3/8 x 12 7/8 x 23 7/8 111 710 X
80 X-High 48 7/8 x 14 x 30 3/4 200 990
75 Gallon 48 1/2 x 18 1/2 x 21 3/8 140 850
90 Gallon 48 1/2 x 18 1/2 x 25 3/8 160 1050
110 X-High 48 7/8 x 19 x 30 3/4 228 1320
120 Gallon 48 1/2 x 24 1/4 x 25 1/2 215 1400
100 Gallon 72 1/2 x 18 1/2 x 19 3/8 182 1150
125 Gallon 72 1/2 x 18 1/2 x 23 3/8 206 1400
150 Gallon 72 1/2 x 18 1/2 x 28 1/2 338 1800
180 Gallon 72 1/2 x 24 1/2 x 25 5/8 338 2100
2 1/2 Mini 12 3/16 x 6 1/8 x 8 1/8 2.6 27
5 1/2 Gallon 16 3/16 x 8 3/8 x 10 1/2 7 62
4 Designer 8 1/4 x 8 1/4 x 18 7/8 9 49
6 Designer 8 1/4 x 8 1/4 x 24 7/8 10.5 70
10 Designer 13 5/8 x 13 5/8 x 19 18.5 115
15 Designer 13 5/8 x 13 5/8 x 25 25.5 175
10 Hexagon 14 1/2 x 12 9/16 x 18 3/4 12 110
20 Hexagon 18 3/4 x 16 1/4 x 20 5/8 23 220 X
35 Hexagon 23 1/4 x 20 3/16 x 24 3/4 43 390 X
60 Hexagon 27 1/4 x 24 1/8 x 29 1/2 110 750 X
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